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All over the world, cities have been developing measures, instruments and institutions in order to curb corruption and to stimulate the ethics and integrity of government (Behnke & Maesschalck, 2006; Frederickson & Ghere, 2005; Lewis & Gilman, 2005). Many things happen, many lessons could be learned from experiences with these ‘local integrity systems’ (LIS). Nevertheless, the discussion about local systems has been limited and the attempts to compare policies and institutions are virtually nonexistent.
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